Hazrat Ibrahim Khalilullah(A.S.) is accredited for raising the foundation of Holy Kaa'ba - the first house made for mankind at Mecca. And remember Abraham and Isma'il raised the foundations of the House (With this prayer): "Our Lord! Accept (this service) from us: For Thou art the All-Hearing, the All-knowing. Holy Qur'an (2:127)
Hazrat Ibrahim Khalilullah(A.S.) and Hazrat Ismail Zabiullah(A.S.) constructed the house which has been a place of prayer for all times. There is a spot (Maqam-e-Ibrahim) near the Kaa'ba where Hazrat Ibrahim(A.S.) stood while erecting the Holy house and where he offered his prayers. Hazrat Ibrahim(A.S.) further prayed:
"Our Lord! make of us Muslims, bowing to Thy (Will), and of our progeny a people Muslim, bowing to Thy (will); and show us our place for the celebration of (due) rites; and turn unto us (in Mercy); for Thou art the Oft-Returning, Most Merciful. Holy Qur'an (2:128)
The above mentioned verse throws light on the fact that there had always been "true muslims" in his progeny. Hazrat Ibrahim(A.S.) further prayed:
"Our Lord! send amongst them a Messenger of their own, who shall rehearse Thy Signs to them and instruct them in scripture and wisdom, and sanctify them: For Thou art the Exalted in Might, the Wise." Holy Qur'an (2:129)
After four thousand years, God granted Hazrat Ibrahim's prayer and raised our Holy Prophet Muhammed(S.A.W.) from amongst them, as a answer to his prayer. The same thing has been quoted in the Holy Qur'an as follows:
It is He Who has sent amongst the Unlettered a messenger from among themselves, to rehearse to them His Signs, to sanctify them, and to instruct them in Scripture and Wisdom, although they had been, before, in manifest error; Holy Qur'an (62:2)
In the lineage of our Prophet Muhammed(S.A.W.) all are "true muslims". Hence from Adam(A.S.) to our Holy Prophet Muhammed(S.A.W.) all are "true muslims".
Allah did choose Adam and Noah, the family of Abraham, and the family of Imran above all people, Offspring, one of the other: And Allah heareth and knoweth all things. Holy Qur'an (3:33-34)
Adam
Sheth
Enos
Cainan
Mahalaleed
Jared
Enoch / Idris
Methuselah
Lamech
Noah / Nuh
Shem
Arhhazed
Salih / Saleb
Eber
Pelag
Rem
Serag
Nahor
Tarukh
Abraham / Ibrahim
Ishmael / Ismail Brothers Isaac / Ishaq
Sabat Jacob / Israil / Yaqub
Yashab Lavi
Ba'rab Qamat
Nakor Imran
Adnan Moses / Musa
Madh
Nazar Imran
Is not in lineage of Moses/Musa
Nasar Mary/Maryam
Virgin mother of Jesus Christ
Elias / Iliyas Jesus Christ / Isa
Kanana
Nafar
Maleeh
Fahar
Ghalib
Looi
Kaab
Murra
Kalab
Qosai
Abde Munaf
Hashim
Abdul Muttalib
Abdullah Brothers Abu-Taleb
Muhammad(S.A.W.)
The Last Apostle of God Ali son of Abu-Taleb
Fathima(S.A.)
The Lady of Light Married Ali(A.S.)
The First Holy Imam
Hussain(A.S.)
The Third Holy Imam Brothers Hasan(A.S.)
The Second Holy Imam
Zainulabiden(A.S.)
The Fourth Holy Imam
Al-Baquir(A.S.)
The Fifth Holy Imam
Al-Jaffer(A.S.)
The Sixth Holy Imam
Al-Kazim(A.S.)
The Seventh Holy Imam
Al-Reza(A.S.)
The Eight Holy Imam
Al-Taqi(A.S.)
The Ninth Holy Imam
Al-Naqi(A.S.)
The Tenth Holy Imam
Al-Askari(A.S.)
The Eleventh Holy Imam
Al-Mahdi(A.S.)
Last, Alive & Awaited
Every fifth person in the world is a Muslim?
Majority of the Muslims are of non-Arab race and nationalities?
There are 8 million Muslims in the U.S.A.?
Islam is the fastest growing religion in the U.S.A.?
Isn't it time to familiarize yourself with Islam?
Saturday, February 27, 2010
bc
Frontline, Volume 17 - Issue 18, Sep. 02 - 15, 2000
The census of 1881 enumerated 1,929 castes. Of these 1,126 (58 per cent) had a population of less than 1,000; 556 (29 per cent) less than 100; and 275 (14 per cent) less than 10. There are a large number of single-member castes. Brahmins, Kunbis and Chamars accounted for more than a crore (10 million) each. These three accounted for as many people as the bottom 1,848 (96 per cent) castes. However, the Brahmin population in Andhra Pradesh may be anywhere between 1.5 to 3% of the total population of Andhra Pradesh. Of these 1,929 castes, 1,432 (74 per cent) were found only in one locality (out of 17), e.g., most of the castes in Andhra Pradesh are localized. Only two castes, Brahmins and the Rajputs, had an all-India presence. The pattern of localization also seemed to vary across space. For example, while the eastern and southern regions had high localization of the big caste groups, in the northern and western regions they were spatially spread.
________________________________________
The Backward Classes community in Andhra Pradesh consists of 92 castes and these castes are categorized into four groups as follows :
List of B.Cs and categorization
(As per G.O.Ms.No. 1793 Education Dept., Dt : 23.9.1970 as modified from time to time).
GROUP - 'A'
Aboriginal Tribes, Vimuktha Jathis, Nomadic and Semi-Nomadic Tribes etc.
1. Agrakula Kshatriya, Palli Vadabalija, Bestha, Jalati, Gangavar, Gangaputra, Goondla, Vanyakulakshatriya, (Vannekapu, Vanne reddi, Pallikapu, Pallireddi) Neyyala and Pattapu.
2. Balasanthu, Bahurupi
3. Bandara
4. Budabukkala
5. Rajaka (Chakali, Vannar)
6. Dasari (Formerly engaged in Bhikshathana G.O.Ms. No.32 BCW (M1) Dept., dt. 23.2.1995)
7. Dommara
8. Gangiredlavaru
9. Jangam whose traditional Occupation is begging.
10. Jogi
11. Katipapala
12. Korcha
*13. Lambada or Banjara in Telangana Area (Deleted and Included in the list of Scheduled Tribed G.O. Ms. No. 149, SW Dept., Dt 3.6.1978)
14. Mondivaru, Mondibanda, Banda
15. Nayi-Brahmin (Mangali, Mangala and Bhajanthri G.O. Ms. No. 1, BCW (M1) Dept., Dt 6.1.96)
16. Nakkala
17. Vamsharaj (Pitchigunta Deleted in G.O. Ms. No. 27, BCW (M1) Dept., Dt 23.6.95)
18. Pamula
19. Pardhi (Nirishikari)
20. Pambala
21. Peddammavandlu, Devaravandlu, Yallammavandlu, Mutyalammavandlu
22. Veeramusthi (Nettikotala) Veerabhadreeya (G.O. Ms. No. 62, BCW (M) Dept. dt. 10.12.1996)
23. Valmiki, Boya (Boya, Bedar, Kirataka, Nishadi, Yellapi Pedda Boya & Chunduvallu G.O. Ms. No. 124, SW Dept., Dt 24.6.1985)
Yellapall (G.O. Ms. No. 61, BCW (M) Dept. dt. 5.12.1996)
24. Yerukulas in Telangana Area (Deleted in G.O. Ms. No. 149, SW Dept., Dt 3.6.1978)
*25. Gudala
26. Kanjara - Bhatta
27. Kalinga (Kinthala deleted in G.O. Ms. No. 53, SW Dept., Dt 7.3.1980)
28. Kopmare or Reddika
29. Mondipatta
30. Nekkar
31. Pariki Muggula
32. Yata
33. Chopemari
34. Kaikadi
35. Jo-shinadiwalas
36. Odde (Oddilu, Vaddi, Vaddelu)
37. Mandula (G.M.No. 40-VI/70-1, Edn dt. 10.2.72)
38. Mehtar (Muslim) G.M.No. 234 - VI/72-2, Edn dt.5.7.72)
39. Kunapuli (G.M.No. 1279/PI/74-10, E&SW., dt. 8.8.1975)
GROUP - 'B'
Vocational
1. Achukatlavandlu
2. Aryakshatriya, Chittari, Giniyar, Chirakara, Nakhas (Muchi (Telugu Speaking) Was deleted in G.O. Ms. No.31 BCW (M1) Dept., dt.11.6.96)
3. Devanga
4. Goud (Ediga, Gouda (Gamalla) Kalalce, Goundla, Settibalija of Visakhapatnam, East Godavari, West Godavari and Krishna Districs & Srisayana (Segidi) (G.O.Ms.No. 63, BCW (M1) Dept., dt.11.12.96)
5. Dudekula, Laddaf, Pinjari or Noorbasha
6. Gandla, Telikula, Devatlilakula (G.O.Ms.No.13, BCW (P1) Dept., dt 20.5.1997)
7. Jandra
8. Kummara or Kulala, Salivahana (GpO.Ms.No. 28 BCW (M1) Dept., dt 24.6.1995)
9. Karikalabhakthula, Kaikolan or Kaikala (Sengundam or Sengunther)
10. Karnabhakthulu
11. Kuruba or Kuruma
12. Nagavaddilu
13. Neelakanthi
14. Patkar (khartri)
15. Perika (Perika Balija, Puragiri Kshatriya)
16. Nossi or Kurni
17. Padmasali (Sali, Salivan Padmasali, Senapathulu, Thogata sali)
18. Srisayana (Segidi) (Deleted and merged with Sl.No.4 of Group - B vide G.O.Ms.No. 63, BCW (M1) Dept., dt 11.12.1996)
19. Swakulasali
20. Thogata, Thogati or Thogata - Veerakshatriya
21. Viswabrahmin (Ausula, Kamsali, Kummari, Kanchari, Vadla or Vadra or Vadrangi & Silpis, Viswakarma) (G.O.Ms.No. 59, BCW (M1) Dept., dt 6.12.1995)
GROUP - 'C'
Harijan Convers
1. Scheduled Castes converts to Christianity and their progency.
GROUP - 'D'
Other Castes
1. Agaru
2. Arekatika, Katika
3. Atagara
4. Bhatraju
5. Chippolu (Mera)
6. Gavara
7. Godaba
8. Hatkar
9. Jakkala
10. Jingara
11. Kandra
12. Koshti
13. Kachi
14. Surya Balija (Kalavanthula) Ganika (G.O.Ms. No. 20, BCW (P2) Dept., dt 19.7.1994)
15. Krishnabalija (Dasari, Bukka)
16. Koppulavelama
17. Mathura
18. Mali
19. Mudiraj, Mutrasi, Tenugollu
20. Munnurukapu (Telangana)
21. Nagavasam (Nagavamsa) (G.O. Ms. No.53, BCW (M1) Dept., dt 19.9.1996)
22. Nelli
23. Polinativelamas of Srikakulam and Visakhapatnam Districts
24. Poosala
25. Passi
26. Rangarez or Bhavasarakshastriya
27. Sadhuchetty
28. Satani (Chattada Srivaishnava)
29. Tammali (Confined to Nalgonda, Mahabubnagar, karimnagar, Nizamabad and Adilabad Districts only. G.O.Ms.No.20, BCW (A1) Dept., dt.21-July-1997)
30. Turupukapus or Gajulakapus of Srikakulam & Visakhapatnam districts. Who are subject to Social customs of Divorce & Remarriages among their women (G.O.Ms.No. 65, E & SW Dept., dt.18.2.1974)
31. Uppara or Sagara
32. Vanjara (Vanjari)
33. Yadava (Golla)
* Deleted
The major Occupational Groups identified for assistance alongwith their traditional activities are shown below :
Sl. No. Occupational Groups Major Economic
Activity % share in the total occupational group
population (State Level)
1. Yadava Cattle Rearing 23.46%
Golla Milk Vending
Kuruma Sheep Rearing
Kuruba Kumbli Weaving
2. Gowda Toddy Tapping 16.34%
Ediga
Settibalija
Yata
Gamaeler
Gundla
Kalalee
Srisayana
3. Agnikulakshatriya Fishing 9.34%
Besta
Gangaputra
Vanyakulakshatriya
Vada Balija
Pattapu
Palli
Gangavaru
Goondla
Vannereddy
Pallikapu
Pallireddy
Nayeelu
4. Padmasali Weaving 9.24%
Devangi
Thogata
Thogati
T V Kshatriya
Patkar
Swakulasali
Jandra
Atchukatla Vandlu
5. Odde Earth Works 7.22%
Uppara
Vaddelu
Sagaras
6. Vishwabrahmin Goldsmithy 6.72%
Kamsali Blacksmithy
Kanchari Brassmithy
Kammari Stone Carving (Silpi)
Vadrangi Carpentry
7. Rajaka Laundry 11.88%
8. Dudekula Cotton Carding 4.05%
Noorbasha
Luddaq
Pinjaries
9. Kummara Pottery 4.10
Kulala
10. Nayeebrahmin Hair Dressing 3.99%
Mangali
11. Gandla Oil Pressing 1.17%
Telikula
12. Arekatika Butchery 0.64%
Katika
13. Medari Basketry 0.64%
Gundla
Gadaba
14. Poosala Petty Dealers
(Beads &Needles) 0.22%
15. Rangrej Tailoring/Needles 0.19%
Chippollu/Mera
The census of 1881 enumerated 1,929 castes. Of these 1,126 (58 per cent) had a population of less than 1,000; 556 (29 per cent) less than 100; and 275 (14 per cent) less than 10. There are a large number of single-member castes. Brahmins, Kunbis and Chamars accounted for more than a crore (10 million) each. These three accounted for as many people as the bottom 1,848 (96 per cent) castes. However, the Brahmin population in Andhra Pradesh may be anywhere between 1.5 to 3% of the total population of Andhra Pradesh. Of these 1,929 castes, 1,432 (74 per cent) were found only in one locality (out of 17), e.g., most of the castes in Andhra Pradesh are localized. Only two castes, Brahmins and the Rajputs, had an all-India presence. The pattern of localization also seemed to vary across space. For example, while the eastern and southern regions had high localization of the big caste groups, in the northern and western regions they were spatially spread.
________________________________________
The Backward Classes community in Andhra Pradesh consists of 92 castes and these castes are categorized into four groups as follows :
List of B.Cs and categorization
(As per G.O.Ms.No. 1793 Education Dept., Dt : 23.9.1970 as modified from time to time).
GROUP - 'A'
Aboriginal Tribes, Vimuktha Jathis, Nomadic and Semi-Nomadic Tribes etc.
1. Agrakula Kshatriya, Palli Vadabalija, Bestha, Jalati, Gangavar, Gangaputra, Goondla, Vanyakulakshatriya, (Vannekapu, Vanne reddi, Pallikapu, Pallireddi) Neyyala and Pattapu.
2. Balasanthu, Bahurupi
3. Bandara
4. Budabukkala
5. Rajaka (Chakali, Vannar)
6. Dasari (Formerly engaged in Bhikshathana G.O.Ms. No.32 BCW (M1) Dept., dt. 23.2.1995)
7. Dommara
8. Gangiredlavaru
9. Jangam whose traditional Occupation is begging.
10. Jogi
11. Katipapala
12. Korcha
*13. Lambada or Banjara in Telangana Area (Deleted and Included in the list of Scheduled Tribed G.O. Ms. No. 149, SW Dept., Dt 3.6.1978)
14. Mondivaru, Mondibanda, Banda
15. Nayi-Brahmin (Mangali, Mangala and Bhajanthri G.O. Ms. No. 1, BCW (M1) Dept., Dt 6.1.96)
16. Nakkala
17. Vamsharaj (Pitchigunta Deleted in G.O. Ms. No. 27, BCW (M1) Dept., Dt 23.6.95)
18. Pamula
19. Pardhi (Nirishikari)
20. Pambala
21. Peddammavandlu, Devaravandlu, Yallammavandlu, Mutyalammavandlu
22. Veeramusthi (Nettikotala) Veerabhadreeya (G.O. Ms. No. 62, BCW (M) Dept. dt. 10.12.1996)
23. Valmiki, Boya (Boya, Bedar, Kirataka, Nishadi, Yellapi Pedda Boya & Chunduvallu G.O. Ms. No. 124, SW Dept., Dt 24.6.1985)
Yellapall (G.O. Ms. No. 61, BCW (M) Dept. dt. 5.12.1996)
24. Yerukulas in Telangana Area (Deleted in G.O. Ms. No. 149, SW Dept., Dt 3.6.1978)
*25. Gudala
26. Kanjara - Bhatta
27. Kalinga (Kinthala deleted in G.O. Ms. No. 53, SW Dept., Dt 7.3.1980)
28. Kopmare or Reddika
29. Mondipatta
30. Nekkar
31. Pariki Muggula
32. Yata
33. Chopemari
34. Kaikadi
35. Jo-shinadiwalas
36. Odde (Oddilu, Vaddi, Vaddelu)
37. Mandula (G.M.No. 40-VI/70-1, Edn dt. 10.2.72)
38. Mehtar (Muslim) G.M.No. 234 - VI/72-2, Edn dt.5.7.72)
39. Kunapuli (G.M.No. 1279/PI/74-10, E&SW., dt. 8.8.1975)
GROUP - 'B'
Vocational
1. Achukatlavandlu
2. Aryakshatriya, Chittari, Giniyar, Chirakara, Nakhas (Muchi (Telugu Speaking) Was deleted in G.O. Ms. No.31 BCW (M1) Dept., dt.11.6.96)
3. Devanga
4. Goud (Ediga, Gouda (Gamalla) Kalalce, Goundla, Settibalija of Visakhapatnam, East Godavari, West Godavari and Krishna Districs & Srisayana (Segidi) (G.O.Ms.No. 63, BCW (M1) Dept., dt.11.12.96)
5. Dudekula, Laddaf, Pinjari or Noorbasha
6. Gandla, Telikula, Devatlilakula (G.O.Ms.No.13, BCW (P1) Dept., dt 20.5.1997)
7. Jandra
8. Kummara or Kulala, Salivahana (GpO.Ms.No. 28 BCW (M1) Dept., dt 24.6.1995)
9. Karikalabhakthula, Kaikolan or Kaikala (Sengundam or Sengunther)
10. Karnabhakthulu
11. Kuruba or Kuruma
12. Nagavaddilu
13. Neelakanthi
14. Patkar (khartri)
15. Perika (Perika Balija, Puragiri Kshatriya)
16. Nossi or Kurni
17. Padmasali (Sali, Salivan Padmasali, Senapathulu, Thogata sali)
18. Srisayana (Segidi) (Deleted and merged with Sl.No.4 of Group - B vide G.O.Ms.No. 63, BCW (M1) Dept., dt 11.12.1996)
19. Swakulasali
20. Thogata, Thogati or Thogata - Veerakshatriya
21. Viswabrahmin (Ausula, Kamsali, Kummari, Kanchari, Vadla or Vadra or Vadrangi & Silpis, Viswakarma) (G.O.Ms.No. 59, BCW (M1) Dept., dt 6.12.1995)
GROUP - 'C'
Harijan Convers
1. Scheduled Castes converts to Christianity and their progency.
GROUP - 'D'
Other Castes
1. Agaru
2. Arekatika, Katika
3. Atagara
4. Bhatraju
5. Chippolu (Mera)
6. Gavara
7. Godaba
8. Hatkar
9. Jakkala
10. Jingara
11. Kandra
12. Koshti
13. Kachi
14. Surya Balija (Kalavanthula) Ganika (G.O.Ms. No. 20, BCW (P2) Dept., dt 19.7.1994)
15. Krishnabalija (Dasari, Bukka)
16. Koppulavelama
17. Mathura
18. Mali
19. Mudiraj, Mutrasi, Tenugollu
20. Munnurukapu (Telangana)
21. Nagavasam (Nagavamsa) (G.O. Ms. No.53, BCW (M1) Dept., dt 19.9.1996)
22. Nelli
23. Polinativelamas of Srikakulam and Visakhapatnam Districts
24. Poosala
25. Passi
26. Rangarez or Bhavasarakshastriya
27. Sadhuchetty
28. Satani (Chattada Srivaishnava)
29. Tammali (Confined to Nalgonda, Mahabubnagar, karimnagar, Nizamabad and Adilabad Districts only. G.O.Ms.No.20, BCW (A1) Dept., dt.21-July-1997)
30. Turupukapus or Gajulakapus of Srikakulam & Visakhapatnam districts. Who are subject to Social customs of Divorce & Remarriages among their women (G.O.Ms.No. 65, E & SW Dept., dt.18.2.1974)
31. Uppara or Sagara
32. Vanjara (Vanjari)
33. Yadava (Golla)
* Deleted
The major Occupational Groups identified for assistance alongwith their traditional activities are shown below :
Sl. No. Occupational Groups Major Economic
Activity % share in the total occupational group
population (State Level)
1. Yadava Cattle Rearing 23.46%
Golla Milk Vending
Kuruma Sheep Rearing
Kuruba Kumbli Weaving
2. Gowda Toddy Tapping 16.34%
Ediga
Settibalija
Yata
Gamaeler
Gundla
Kalalee
Srisayana
3. Agnikulakshatriya Fishing 9.34%
Besta
Gangaputra
Vanyakulakshatriya
Vada Balija
Pattapu
Palli
Gangavaru
Goondla
Vannereddy
Pallikapu
Pallireddy
Nayeelu
4. Padmasali Weaving 9.24%
Devangi
Thogata
Thogati
T V Kshatriya
Patkar
Swakulasali
Jandra
Atchukatla Vandlu
5. Odde Earth Works 7.22%
Uppara
Vaddelu
Sagaras
6. Vishwabrahmin Goldsmithy 6.72%
Kamsali Blacksmithy
Kanchari Brassmithy
Kammari Stone Carving (Silpi)
Vadrangi Carpentry
7. Rajaka Laundry 11.88%
8. Dudekula Cotton Carding 4.05%
Noorbasha
Luddaq
Pinjaries
9. Kummara Pottery 4.10
Kulala
10. Nayeebrahmin Hair Dressing 3.99%
Mangali
11. Gandla Oil Pressing 1.17%
Telikula
12. Arekatika Butchery 0.64%
Katika
13. Medari Basketry 0.64%
Gundla
Gadaba
14. Poosala Petty Dealers
(Beads &Needles) 0.22%
15. Rangrej Tailoring/Needles 0.19%
Chippollu/Mera
ANDHRA PRADESH BACK WARD CASTES
Frontline, Volume 17 - Issue 18, Sep. 02 - 15, 2000
The census of 1881 enumerated 1,929 castes. Of these 1,126 (58 per cent) had a population of less than 1,000; 556 (29 per cent) less than 100; and 275 (14 per cent) less than 10. There are a large number of single-member castes. Brahmins, Kunbis and Chamars accounted for more than a crore (10 million) each. These three accounted for as many people as the bottom 1,848 (96 per cent) castes. However, the Brahmin population in Andhra Pradesh may be anywhere between 1.5 to 3% of the total population of Andhra Pradesh. Of these 1,929 castes, 1,432 (74 per cent) were found only in one locality (out of 17), e.g., most of the castes in Andhra Pradesh are localized. Only two castes, Brahmins and the Rajputs, had an all-India presence. The pattern of localization also seemed to vary across space. For example, while the eastern and southern regions had high localization of the big caste groups, in the northern and western regions they were spatially spread.
________________________________________
The Backward Classes community in Andhra Pradesh consists of 92 castes and these castes are categorized into four groups as follows :
List of B.Cs and categorization
(As per G.O.Ms.No. 1793 Education Dept., Dt : 23.9.1970 as modified from time to time).
GROUP - 'A'
Aboriginal Tribes, Vimuktha Jathis, Nomadic and Semi-Nomadic Tribes etc.
1. Agrakula Kshatriya, Palli Vadabalija, Bestha, Jalati, Gangavar, Gangaputra, Goondla, Vanyakulakshatriya, (Vannekapu, Vanne reddi, Pallikapu, Pallireddi) Neyyala and Pattapu.
2. Balasanthu, Bahurupi
3. Bandara
4. Budabukkala
5. Rajaka (Chakali, Vannar)
6. Dasari (Formerly engaged in Bhikshathana G.O.Ms. No.32 BCW (M1) Dept., dt. 23.2.1995)
7. Dommara
8. Gangiredlavaru
9. Jangam whose traditional Occupation is begging.
10. Jogi
11. Katipapala
12. Korcha
*13. Lambada or Banjara in Telangana Area (Deleted and Included in the list of Scheduled Tribed G.O. Ms. No. 149, SW Dept., Dt 3.6.1978)
14. Mondivaru, Mondibanda, Banda
15. Nayi-Brahmin (Mangali, Mangala and Bhajanthri G.O. Ms. No. 1, BCW (M1) Dept., Dt 6.1.96)
16. Nakkala
17. Vamsharaj (Pitchigunta Deleted in G.O. Ms. No. 27, BCW (M1) Dept., Dt 23.6.95)
18. Pamula
19. Pardhi (Nirishikari)
20. Pambala
21. Peddammavandlu, Devaravandlu, Yallammavandlu, Mutyalammavandlu
22. Veeramusthi (Nettikotala) Veerabhadreeya (G.O. Ms. No. 62, BCW (M) Dept. dt. 10.12.1996)
23. Valmiki, Boya (Boya, Bedar, Kirataka, Nishadi, Yellapi Pedda Boya & Chunduvallu G.O. Ms. No. 124, SW Dept., Dt 24.6.1985)
Yellapall (G.O. Ms. No. 61, BCW (M) Dept. dt. 5.12.1996)
24. Yerukulas in Telangana Area (Deleted in G.O. Ms. No. 149, SW Dept., Dt 3.6.1978)
*25. Gudala
26. Kanjara - Bhatta
27. Kalinga (Kinthala deleted in G.O. Ms. No. 53, SW Dept., Dt 7.3.1980)
28. Kopmare or Reddika
29. Mondipatta
30. Nekkar
31. Pariki Muggula
32. Yata
33. Chopemari
34. Kaikadi
35. Jo-shinadiwalas
36. Odde (Oddilu, Vaddi, Vaddelu)
37. Mandula (G.M.No. 40-VI/70-1, Edn dt. 10.2.72)
38. Mehtar (Muslim) G.M.No. 234 - VI/72-2, Edn dt.5.7.72)
39. Kunapuli (G.M.No. 1279/PI/74-10, E&SW., dt. 8.8.1975)
GROUP - 'B'
Vocational
1. Achukatlavandlu
2. Aryakshatriya, Chittari, Giniyar, Chirakara, Nakhas (Muchi (Telugu Speaking) Was deleted in G.O. Ms. No.31 BCW (M1) Dept., dt.11.6.96)
3. Devanga
4. Goud (Ediga, Gouda (Gamalla) Kalalce, Goundla, Settibalija of Visakhapatnam, East Godavari, West Godavari and Krishna Districs & Srisayana (Segidi) (G.O.Ms.No. 63, BCW (M1) Dept., dt.11.12.96)
5. Dudekula, Laddaf, Pinjari or Noorbasha
6. Gandla, Telikula, Devatlilakula (G.O.Ms.No.13, BCW (P1) Dept., dt 20.5.1997)
7. Jandra
8. Kummara or Kulala, Salivahana (GpO.Ms.No. 28 BCW (M1) Dept., dt 24.6.1995)
9. Karikalabhakthula, Kaikolan or Kaikala (Sengundam or Sengunther)
10. Karnabhakthulu
11. Kuruba or Kuruma
12. Nagavaddilu
13. Neelakanthi
14. Patkar (khartri)
15. Perika (Perika Balija, Puragiri Kshatriya)
16. Nossi or Kurni
17. Padmasali (Sali, Salivan Padmasali, Senapathulu, Thogata sali)
18. Srisayana (Segidi) (Deleted and merged with Sl.No.4 of Group - B vide G.O.Ms.No. 63, BCW (M1) Dept., dt 11.12.1996)
19. Swakulasali
20. Thogata, Thogati or Thogata - Veerakshatriya
21. Viswabrahmin (Ausula, Kamsali, Kummari, Kanchari, Vadla or Vadra or Vadrangi & Silpis, Viswakarma) (G.O.Ms.No. 59, BCW (M1) Dept., dt 6.12.1995)
GROUP - 'C'
Harijan Convers
1. Scheduled Castes converts to Christianity and their progency.
GROUP - 'D'
Other Castes
1. Agaru
2. Arekatika, Katika
3. Atagara
4. Bhatraju
5. Chippolu (Mera)
6. Gavara
7. Godaba
8. Hatkar
9. Jakkala
10. Jingara
11. Kandra
12. Koshti
13. Kachi
14. Surya Balija (Kalavanthula) Ganika (G.O.Ms. No. 20, BCW (P2) Dept., dt 19.7.1994)
15. Krishnabalija (Dasari, Bukka)
16. Koppulavelama
17. Mathura
18. Mali
19. Mudiraj, Mutrasi, Tenugollu
20. Munnurukapu (Telangana)
21. Nagavasam (Nagavamsa) (G.O. Ms. No.53, BCW (M1) Dept., dt 19.9.1996)
22. Nelli
23. Polinativelamas of Srikakulam and Visakhapatnam Districts
24. Poosala
25. Passi
26. Rangarez or Bhavasarakshastriya
27. Sadhuchetty
28. Satani (Chattada Srivaishnava)
29. Tammali (Confined to Nalgonda, Mahabubnagar, karimnagar, Nizamabad and Adilabad Districts only. G.O.Ms.No.20, BCW (A1) Dept., dt.21-July-1997)
30. Turupukapus or Gajulakapus of Srikakulam & Visakhapatnam districts. Who are subject to Social customs of Divorce & Remarriages among their women (G.O.Ms.No. 65, E & SW Dept., dt.18.2.1974)
31. Uppara or Sagara
32. Vanjara (Vanjari)
33. Yadava (Golla)
* Deleted
The major Occupational Groups identified for assistance alongwith their traditional activities are shown below :
Sl. No. Occupational Groups Major Economic
Activity % share in the total occupational group
population (State Level)
1. Yadava Cattle Rearing 23.46%
Golla Milk Vending
Kuruma Sheep Rearing
Kuruba Kumbli Weaving
2. Gowda Toddy Tapping 16.34%
Ediga
Settibalija
Yata
Gamaeler
Gundla
Kalalee
Srisayana
3. Agnikulakshatriya Fishing 9.34%
Besta
Gangaputra
Vanyakulakshatriya
Vada Balija
Pattapu
Palli
Gangavaru
Goondla
Vannereddy
Pallikapu
Pallireddy
Nayeelu
4. Padmasali Weaving 9.24%
Devangi
Thogata
Thogati
T V Kshatriya
Patkar
Swakulasali
Jandra
Atchukatla Vandlu
5. Odde Earth Works 7.22%
Uppara
Vaddelu
Sagaras
6. Vishwabrahmin Goldsmithy 6.72%
Kamsali Blacksmithy
Kanchari Brassmithy
Kammari Stone Carving (Silpi)
Vadrangi Carpentry
7. Rajaka Laundry 11.88%
8. Dudekula Cotton Carding 4.05%
Noorbasha
Luddaq
Pinjaries
9. Kummara Pottery 4.10
Kulala
10. Nayeebrahmin Hair Dressing 3.99%
Mangali
11. Gandla Oil Pressing 1.17%
Telikula
12. Arekatika Butchery 0.64%
Katika
13. Medari Basketry 0.64%
Gundla
Gadaba
14. Poosala Petty Dealers
(Beads &Needles) 0.22%
15. Rangrej Tailoring/Needles 0.19%
Chippollu/Mera
The census of 1881 enumerated 1,929 castes. Of these 1,126 (58 per cent) had a population of less than 1,000; 556 (29 per cent) less than 100; and 275 (14 per cent) less than 10. There are a large number of single-member castes. Brahmins, Kunbis and Chamars accounted for more than a crore (10 million) each. These three accounted for as many people as the bottom 1,848 (96 per cent) castes. However, the Brahmin population in Andhra Pradesh may be anywhere between 1.5 to 3% of the total population of Andhra Pradesh. Of these 1,929 castes, 1,432 (74 per cent) were found only in one locality (out of 17), e.g., most of the castes in Andhra Pradesh are localized. Only two castes, Brahmins and the Rajputs, had an all-India presence. The pattern of localization also seemed to vary across space. For example, while the eastern and southern regions had high localization of the big caste groups, in the northern and western regions they were spatially spread.
________________________________________
The Backward Classes community in Andhra Pradesh consists of 92 castes and these castes are categorized into four groups as follows :
List of B.Cs and categorization
(As per G.O.Ms.No. 1793 Education Dept., Dt : 23.9.1970 as modified from time to time).
GROUP - 'A'
Aboriginal Tribes, Vimuktha Jathis, Nomadic and Semi-Nomadic Tribes etc.
1. Agrakula Kshatriya, Palli Vadabalija, Bestha, Jalati, Gangavar, Gangaputra, Goondla, Vanyakulakshatriya, (Vannekapu, Vanne reddi, Pallikapu, Pallireddi) Neyyala and Pattapu.
2. Balasanthu, Bahurupi
3. Bandara
4. Budabukkala
5. Rajaka (Chakali, Vannar)
6. Dasari (Formerly engaged in Bhikshathana G.O.Ms. No.32 BCW (M1) Dept., dt. 23.2.1995)
7. Dommara
8. Gangiredlavaru
9. Jangam whose traditional Occupation is begging.
10. Jogi
11. Katipapala
12. Korcha
*13. Lambada or Banjara in Telangana Area (Deleted and Included in the list of Scheduled Tribed G.O. Ms. No. 149, SW Dept., Dt 3.6.1978)
14. Mondivaru, Mondibanda, Banda
15. Nayi-Brahmin (Mangali, Mangala and Bhajanthri G.O. Ms. No. 1, BCW (M1) Dept., Dt 6.1.96)
16. Nakkala
17. Vamsharaj (Pitchigunta Deleted in G.O. Ms. No. 27, BCW (M1) Dept., Dt 23.6.95)
18. Pamula
19. Pardhi (Nirishikari)
20. Pambala
21. Peddammavandlu, Devaravandlu, Yallammavandlu, Mutyalammavandlu
22. Veeramusthi (Nettikotala) Veerabhadreeya (G.O. Ms. No. 62, BCW (M) Dept. dt. 10.12.1996)
23. Valmiki, Boya (Boya, Bedar, Kirataka, Nishadi, Yellapi Pedda Boya & Chunduvallu G.O. Ms. No. 124, SW Dept., Dt 24.6.1985)
Yellapall (G.O. Ms. No. 61, BCW (M) Dept. dt. 5.12.1996)
24. Yerukulas in Telangana Area (Deleted in G.O. Ms. No. 149, SW Dept., Dt 3.6.1978)
*25. Gudala
26. Kanjara - Bhatta
27. Kalinga (Kinthala deleted in G.O. Ms. No. 53, SW Dept., Dt 7.3.1980)
28. Kopmare or Reddika
29. Mondipatta
30. Nekkar
31. Pariki Muggula
32. Yata
33. Chopemari
34. Kaikadi
35. Jo-shinadiwalas
36. Odde (Oddilu, Vaddi, Vaddelu)
37. Mandula (G.M.No. 40-VI/70-1, Edn dt. 10.2.72)
38. Mehtar (Muslim) G.M.No. 234 - VI/72-2, Edn dt.5.7.72)
39. Kunapuli (G.M.No. 1279/PI/74-10, E&SW., dt. 8.8.1975)
GROUP - 'B'
Vocational
1. Achukatlavandlu
2. Aryakshatriya, Chittari, Giniyar, Chirakara, Nakhas (Muchi (Telugu Speaking) Was deleted in G.O. Ms. No.31 BCW (M1) Dept., dt.11.6.96)
3. Devanga
4. Goud (Ediga, Gouda (Gamalla) Kalalce, Goundla, Settibalija of Visakhapatnam, East Godavari, West Godavari and Krishna Districs & Srisayana (Segidi) (G.O.Ms.No. 63, BCW (M1) Dept., dt.11.12.96)
5. Dudekula, Laddaf, Pinjari or Noorbasha
6. Gandla, Telikula, Devatlilakula (G.O.Ms.No.13, BCW (P1) Dept., dt 20.5.1997)
7. Jandra
8. Kummara or Kulala, Salivahana (GpO.Ms.No. 28 BCW (M1) Dept., dt 24.6.1995)
9. Karikalabhakthula, Kaikolan or Kaikala (Sengundam or Sengunther)
10. Karnabhakthulu
11. Kuruba or Kuruma
12. Nagavaddilu
13. Neelakanthi
14. Patkar (khartri)
15. Perika (Perika Balija, Puragiri Kshatriya)
16. Nossi or Kurni
17. Padmasali (Sali, Salivan Padmasali, Senapathulu, Thogata sali)
18. Srisayana (Segidi) (Deleted and merged with Sl.No.4 of Group - B vide G.O.Ms.No. 63, BCW (M1) Dept., dt 11.12.1996)
19. Swakulasali
20. Thogata, Thogati or Thogata - Veerakshatriya
21. Viswabrahmin (Ausula, Kamsali, Kummari, Kanchari, Vadla or Vadra or Vadrangi & Silpis, Viswakarma) (G.O.Ms.No. 59, BCW (M1) Dept., dt 6.12.1995)
GROUP - 'C'
Harijan Convers
1. Scheduled Castes converts to Christianity and their progency.
GROUP - 'D'
Other Castes
1. Agaru
2. Arekatika, Katika
3. Atagara
4. Bhatraju
5. Chippolu (Mera)
6. Gavara
7. Godaba
8. Hatkar
9. Jakkala
10. Jingara
11. Kandra
12. Koshti
13. Kachi
14. Surya Balija (Kalavanthula) Ganika (G.O.Ms. No. 20, BCW (P2) Dept., dt 19.7.1994)
15. Krishnabalija (Dasari, Bukka)
16. Koppulavelama
17. Mathura
18. Mali
19. Mudiraj, Mutrasi, Tenugollu
20. Munnurukapu (Telangana)
21. Nagavasam (Nagavamsa) (G.O. Ms. No.53, BCW (M1) Dept., dt 19.9.1996)
22. Nelli
23. Polinativelamas of Srikakulam and Visakhapatnam Districts
24. Poosala
25. Passi
26. Rangarez or Bhavasarakshastriya
27. Sadhuchetty
28. Satani (Chattada Srivaishnava)
29. Tammali (Confined to Nalgonda, Mahabubnagar, karimnagar, Nizamabad and Adilabad Districts only. G.O.Ms.No.20, BCW (A1) Dept., dt.21-July-1997)
30. Turupukapus or Gajulakapus of Srikakulam & Visakhapatnam districts. Who are subject to Social customs of Divorce & Remarriages among their women (G.O.Ms.No. 65, E & SW Dept., dt.18.2.1974)
31. Uppara or Sagara
32. Vanjara (Vanjari)
33. Yadava (Golla)
* Deleted
The major Occupational Groups identified for assistance alongwith their traditional activities are shown below :
Sl. No. Occupational Groups Major Economic
Activity % share in the total occupational group
population (State Level)
1. Yadava Cattle Rearing 23.46%
Golla Milk Vending
Kuruma Sheep Rearing
Kuruba Kumbli Weaving
2. Gowda Toddy Tapping 16.34%
Ediga
Settibalija
Yata
Gamaeler
Gundla
Kalalee
Srisayana
3. Agnikulakshatriya Fishing 9.34%
Besta
Gangaputra
Vanyakulakshatriya
Vada Balija
Pattapu
Palli
Gangavaru
Goondla
Vannereddy
Pallikapu
Pallireddy
Nayeelu
4. Padmasali Weaving 9.24%
Devangi
Thogata
Thogati
T V Kshatriya
Patkar
Swakulasali
Jandra
Atchukatla Vandlu
5. Odde Earth Works 7.22%
Uppara
Vaddelu
Sagaras
6. Vishwabrahmin Goldsmithy 6.72%
Kamsali Blacksmithy
Kanchari Brassmithy
Kammari Stone Carving (Silpi)
Vadrangi Carpentry
7. Rajaka Laundry 11.88%
8. Dudekula Cotton Carding 4.05%
Noorbasha
Luddaq
Pinjaries
9. Kummara Pottery 4.10
Kulala
10. Nayeebrahmin Hair Dressing 3.99%
Mangali
11. Gandla Oil Pressing 1.17%
Telikula
12. Arekatika Butchery 0.64%
Katika
13. Medari Basketry 0.64%
Gundla
Gadaba
14. Poosala Petty Dealers
(Beads &Needles) 0.22%
15. Rangrej Tailoring/Needles 0.19%
Chippollu/Mera
CASTE SYSTEM
The Caste of Andhra Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh is the birthplace of many castes. It is also home to many other castes and cults founded outside, but who found patronage here. The different schools of thought have rise to various caste movements, reform movements, and philosophical schools of thought. Here's a potpourri of topics on the castes of Andhra Pradesh.
Table of Contents
Brahmins : According Sir S. Radhakrishnan, although used very widely, the term brahmin is not a correct word . In the ancient Hindu texts, the word brahmana is used to indicate "absolute" or the "infinite spirit" of Lord Brahma. In the course of history, as the varna or the caste system developed, the group of priestly people came to be known as brahmanas or brahmins. In this section, the word brahmin is used to refer
to the community of people known as brahmins in today's India. More....
Introduction of Brahmins, Gayatri Mantra, List of Brahmins
Kamma or Chowdhury:
The most influential community in Andhra Pradesh today is the Kamma, or Chowdhary community. In a numerical ranking (by population size) they would probably be fifth or sixth, but they are concentrated in some areas like Krishna, Guntur, Southern parts of the Godavari river delta, Nizamabad in Telangana and some places of Rayalseema like Anantapur. More...
Reddys:
After the kakatiya kingdom broke up, many Reddis migrated to coastal Andhra---Addanki and Kondaveedu, and later Rajahmundry on the Godavari and founded their own independent kingdoms which flourished between 1325-1448 AD. Komati Prolaya Vemareddy , son of Komati Prola reddy founded this kingdom . There are foolish elaborate explanations of why the name Komdi or Komati was their surname (apart from silly fake legends, there is an attempt to disc. More....
Backward Castes:
The Backward Classes community in Andhra Pradesh consists of 92 castes and these castes are categorized into four groups as follows :
Group-A (39 Castes)
Group-B (21 Castes)
Group-C (Harijan Convers)
Group-D (33 Castes)
Mala:
Accurate history of the Malas in Andhra is not well known or thoroughly researched as yet. The Malas seem to hail primarily from the drier upland areas like the Deccan plateau. According to researchers like Ambedkar, the malas and similar communities were actually warriors of some defeated kingdom: they were pushed down in social status. Another story is that the terrible 12 years' drought and famine of 1396 obliged the people to eat anything to survive: some ate dead cattle, and this was noted by other people and they were then pushed down in the social scale from kshatriyas (soldiers) to untouchables. ... More
Madiga
Madigas seem to be a far-flung tribe with similar sounding names like Mandinga noticed in Africa and Southeast asia too. The Madigas are mentioned in very old indian books so they've been in these parts from a long time. The Madigas have a very old tradition of dedicating a couple of girls to a deity, the girls are then called yogin or basavi. While the origin seems to be a ceremony of initiation of female priests (priestesses) and a reflection of matriarchial society, it degenerated by late buddhist and hindu times into nothing more than dancing girls and worse... More
Group-A
Group-B
Group-C
Group-D
Castes are classified as backward if due to their financial, educational and political depression need government reservations to help uplift their status. They are predominantly involved in small scale farming, artisans, small scale traders. They make up about 50% of the population. Poosala Caste People represent 5% of A.P. population, they need justice both politically and economically.
Ayyaraka Patrudu (Merchant, Farmer, Warrior)
Rulers under Chalukyas
Gowda
Alcohol Brewing
Goud
Goud Kala
Bhandari
Edigas
Idiga
Kalal, Kalace
Srisayana (toddy-drawers)
Segidi
Setty Balijas
Yatha
Animal Husbandry
Cattle Herding
Yadava
Golla
Sheep Rearing
Kuruba
Kuruma
Hatkar
Warrior / Hunters
Boyar caste / Boya
Boya / Nayak / Naidu
Boya Talwar/ Talari
Artisans
Ausula (viswakarma | Goldsmith)
Kammari (viswakarma | Blacksmith)
Kamsali (Gold, Silver smith)
Kanchara (viswakarma |Tin,brass, bronze smith)
Kanchari (viswakarma | brass bronze smith )
Silpis (viswakarma | sthapathi |sculptures)
Salivahana
Surya Balija
Ganika (Dancer, singer, poet)
Kalavanthula
Vadla (viswakarma | carpenter)
Vadra (viswakarma | carpenter)
[Vishwakarmas|Vadrangi]
Vaddi (stonecutters and well-diggers)
Vaddera
Vaddelu
Vishwa Brahmin (viswakarma | Goldsmith)
Vishwakarma
Barber (Musicians,Surgeons,Ministers,Leads)
Bhajanthri
Mangali
Mangala
Manthri
Nai
Nayi-Brahmin
Bamboo Workers
Kandra
Basket Weaving
Gundla
Goondla
Gadaba (Forest tribe)
Godaba
Medari
Meat Selling
Aare Katika (were warriors during Shivaji Period)
Katika
Cobbler
Chirakara
Giniyar
Muchi
Nakhas
ceremony singers
jakkali
watch&ward
katipapala
Cotton Spining
Dudekula - Muslim (Cotton cleaners. Also called as Laddaf, Noor Basha, Pinjari. A group of Muslims with Telugu as their mother tongue, found in Andhra Pradesh. Padmasri Shaik China Moulana (Nadaswaram), Padmasri Naazar (Burrakadha) are famous personalities of this Muslim sub-community.)
Laddaf - Muslim
Noor Basha - Muslim
Pinjari - Muslim
Earthen Work
Odde
Oddilu
Uppara
Sagara
Fisherman
Agnikula Kshatriya(andhra vanniyar)
Palli(andhra vanniyar)
Vanniyakula Kshatriya
Besta
Gangavar
Gangaputra
Vanne Kapu, Vanne Reddy(andhra vanniyar)
Jalari
Mudiraju (Fisherman Heads, farmers, warriors)
Mutrasi
Tenugollu
Neyyala
Palli Kapu(andhra vanniyar)
Palli Reddi(andhra vanniyar)
Pattapu
Vada Balija
Other Kshatriya's
Bhavasara Kshatriya(Cloth traders)
Arya Kshatriya
Mali (vegetable and fruit growers)
Tailors, Dyers
Rangarez (Muslim)
Thogati Veera Kshatriya###Thogati
Chippollu
Mera
Meru Darji
Gypsies (Tribal)
Banjara
Kanjara Bhatta
Lambada
Sugalis
Vanjara
Vanjari
Hotel labor
Tammali
Jingara
Kachi (Vegetable-grower)
Kalinga (Tribal farmers)
Koppula Velama
Polinati Velamas
Nagavaddilu
Nagavasam
Nagavamsa
Oil Pressing
Gandla
Sajjana gandla
Ganiga
Devatlila Kula
Teli Kula
Sandlewood Workers
Agaru
Shaman
Jogi (Religious mendicant and pedlar)
Joshinadiwalas (astrologer and village priest)
Traders
Perika
Gavara
Perika Balija
Puragiri Kshatriya
Sadhuchetty
Poosala
Dasari
Weaving
Achukatlavandlu
Dudekula
Devanga
Jandra
Karnabhakthulu
Nossi
Kurni
Koshti
Nakkala
Patkar
Khartri
Padmashali
Nelli
Neelakanthi
Sali
Salivan Padmasali
Senapathulu
Karikalabakthulu
Thogata
Thogata Sali
Veerakshatriya Swakulasali
Narasihma caste
Andhra Pradesh is the birthplace of many castes. It is also home to many other castes and cults founded outside, but who found patronage here. The different schools of thought have rise to various caste movements, reform movements, and philosophical schools of thought. Here's a potpourri of topics on the castes of Andhra Pradesh.
Table of Contents
Brahmins : According Sir S. Radhakrishnan, although used very widely, the term brahmin is not a correct word . In the ancient Hindu texts, the word brahmana is used to indicate "absolute" or the "infinite spirit" of Lord Brahma. In the course of history, as the varna or the caste system developed, the group of priestly people came to be known as brahmanas or brahmins. In this section, the word brahmin is used to refer
to the community of people known as brahmins in today's India. More....
Introduction of Brahmins, Gayatri Mantra, List of Brahmins
Kamma or Chowdhury:
The most influential community in Andhra Pradesh today is the Kamma, or Chowdhary community. In a numerical ranking (by population size) they would probably be fifth or sixth, but they are concentrated in some areas like Krishna, Guntur, Southern parts of the Godavari river delta, Nizamabad in Telangana and some places of Rayalseema like Anantapur. More...
Reddys:
After the kakatiya kingdom broke up, many Reddis migrated to coastal Andhra---Addanki and Kondaveedu, and later Rajahmundry on the Godavari and founded their own independent kingdoms which flourished between 1325-1448 AD. Komati Prolaya Vemareddy , son of Komati Prola reddy founded this kingdom . There are foolish elaborate explanations of why the name Komdi or Komati was their surname (apart from silly fake legends, there is an attempt to disc. More....
Backward Castes:
The Backward Classes community in Andhra Pradesh consists of 92 castes and these castes are categorized into four groups as follows :
Group-A (39 Castes)
Group-B (21 Castes)
Group-C (Harijan Convers)
Group-D (33 Castes)
Mala:
Accurate history of the Malas in Andhra is not well known or thoroughly researched as yet. The Malas seem to hail primarily from the drier upland areas like the Deccan plateau. According to researchers like Ambedkar, the malas and similar communities were actually warriors of some defeated kingdom: they were pushed down in social status. Another story is that the terrible 12 years' drought and famine of 1396 obliged the people to eat anything to survive: some ate dead cattle, and this was noted by other people and they were then pushed down in the social scale from kshatriyas (soldiers) to untouchables. ... More
Madiga
Madigas seem to be a far-flung tribe with similar sounding names like Mandinga noticed in Africa and Southeast asia too. The Madigas are mentioned in very old indian books so they've been in these parts from a long time. The Madigas have a very old tradition of dedicating a couple of girls to a deity, the girls are then called yogin or basavi. While the origin seems to be a ceremony of initiation of female priests (priestesses) and a reflection of matriarchial society, it degenerated by late buddhist and hindu times into nothing more than dancing girls and worse... More
Group-A
Group-B
Group-C
Group-D
Castes are classified as backward if due to their financial, educational and political depression need government reservations to help uplift their status. They are predominantly involved in small scale farming, artisans, small scale traders. They make up about 50% of the population. Poosala Caste People represent 5% of A.P. population, they need justice both politically and economically.
Ayyaraka Patrudu (Merchant, Farmer, Warrior)
Rulers under Chalukyas
Gowda
Alcohol Brewing
Goud
Goud Kala
Bhandari
Edigas
Idiga
Kalal, Kalace
Srisayana (toddy-drawers)
Segidi
Setty Balijas
Yatha
Animal Husbandry
Cattle Herding
Yadava
Golla
Sheep Rearing
Kuruba
Kuruma
Hatkar
Warrior / Hunters
Boyar caste / Boya
Boya / Nayak / Naidu
Boya Talwar/ Talari
Artisans
Ausula (viswakarma | Goldsmith)
Kammari (viswakarma | Blacksmith)
Kamsali (Gold, Silver smith)
Kanchara (viswakarma |Tin,brass, bronze smith)
Kanchari (viswakarma | brass bronze smith )
Silpis (viswakarma | sthapathi |sculptures)
Salivahana
Surya Balija
Ganika (Dancer, singer, poet)
Kalavanthula
Vadla (viswakarma | carpenter)
Vadra (viswakarma | carpenter)
[Vishwakarmas|Vadrangi]
Vaddi (stonecutters and well-diggers)
Vaddera
Vaddelu
Vishwa Brahmin (viswakarma | Goldsmith)
Vishwakarma
Barber (Musicians,Surgeons,Ministers,Leads)
Bhajanthri
Mangali
Mangala
Manthri
Nai
Nayi-Brahmin
Bamboo Workers
Kandra
Basket Weaving
Gundla
Goondla
Gadaba (Forest tribe)
Godaba
Medari
Meat Selling
Aare Katika (were warriors during Shivaji Period)
Katika
Cobbler
Chirakara
Giniyar
Muchi
Nakhas
ceremony singers
jakkali
watch&ward
katipapala
Cotton Spining
Dudekula - Muslim (Cotton cleaners. Also called as Laddaf, Noor Basha, Pinjari. A group of Muslims with Telugu as their mother tongue, found in Andhra Pradesh. Padmasri Shaik China Moulana (Nadaswaram), Padmasri Naazar (Burrakadha) are famous personalities of this Muslim sub-community.)
Laddaf - Muslim
Noor Basha - Muslim
Pinjari - Muslim
Earthen Work
Odde
Oddilu
Uppara
Sagara
Fisherman
Agnikula Kshatriya(andhra vanniyar)
Palli(andhra vanniyar)
Vanniyakula Kshatriya
Besta
Gangavar
Gangaputra
Vanne Kapu, Vanne Reddy(andhra vanniyar)
Jalari
Mudiraju (Fisherman Heads, farmers, warriors)
Mutrasi
Tenugollu
Neyyala
Palli Kapu(andhra vanniyar)
Palli Reddi(andhra vanniyar)
Pattapu
Vada Balija
Other Kshatriya's
Bhavasara Kshatriya(Cloth traders)
Arya Kshatriya
Mali (vegetable and fruit growers)
Tailors, Dyers
Rangarez (Muslim)
Thogati Veera Kshatriya###Thogati
Chippollu
Mera
Meru Darji
Gypsies (Tribal)
Banjara
Kanjara Bhatta
Lambada
Sugalis
Vanjara
Vanjari
Hotel labor
Tammali
Jingara
Kachi (Vegetable-grower)
Kalinga (Tribal farmers)
Koppula Velama
Polinati Velamas
Nagavaddilu
Nagavasam
Nagavamsa
Oil Pressing
Gandla
Sajjana gandla
Ganiga
Devatlila Kula
Teli Kula
Sandlewood Workers
Agaru
Shaman
Jogi (Religious mendicant and pedlar)
Joshinadiwalas (astrologer and village priest)
Traders
Perika
Gavara
Perika Balija
Puragiri Kshatriya
Sadhuchetty
Poosala
Dasari
Weaving
Achukatlavandlu
Dudekula
Devanga
Jandra
Karnabhakthulu
Nossi
Kurni
Koshti
Nakkala
Patkar
Khartri
Padmashali
Nelli
Neelakanthi
Sali
Salivan Padmasali
Senapathulu
Karikalabakthulu
Thogata
Thogata Sali
Veerakshatriya Swakulasali
Narasihma caste
andhra pradesh OBC LIST
CENTRAL LIST OF OTHER BACKWARD CLASSES
Sl.No. Name of the Castes/Sub-castes/Synonyms/ Entry No. in the
Communities Central List
ANDHRA PRADESH
1 Achukatlavandlu 39
2 Agaru 61
3 Agnikulakshatriya 1
Palli "
Vadabalija "
Bestha "
Jalari "
Gangavar "
Gangaputra "
Goondla "
Vanyakulakshtriya "
Vannekapu "
Vannereddi "
Pallikapu "
Pallireddi "
Nayyala "
Pattapu "
4 Arekatika, Katika, Quresh (Muslim Butchers) 62
5 Aryakshatriya 40
Chittari "
Giniyar "
Chitrakara "
Nakhas "
6 Atagara 63
7
Atirasa (of Polavaram, Gopalapuram,
Koyyalagudem, 104
Buttayagudem, Chagallu Mandals of West
Godavari Distt.
and Devipattanam, Korukonda and Gokavaram
Mandals
of East Godavari Distt.
8 Ayyaraka 95
9 Bandara 3
10 Balasanthu 2
Bahurupi
11 Bhataraju 64
12 Budabukkala 4
13 Chippolu(Mera) 65
14 Chopemari 32
15 Dasari (formerly engaged in Bhikshatana) 6
16 Devanga 41
17 Dommara 7
18 Dudekula 43
Laddaf 43
Pinjari or Noorbash 43
19 Ediga 42
Gowda(Gamalla, Kalalee)
Goundla
Settibalija (of Visakhapatnam,
East Godavari, West Godavari
and Krishna District)
20 Gajula Balija(who are traditionally associated 101
with selling of Bangles)
21 Gandla,Telikula,Devathilakula 44
22 Gangiredlavaru 8
23 Gavara 66
24 Godaba 67
25 Gudala 24
26 Hatkar 68
27 Jakkala 69
28 Jandra 45
29 Jangam whose traditional occupation is begging 9
30 Jingar 70
31 Jogi 10
32 Joshinandiwala 34
33 Odde 35
Oddilu
Vaddi
Vaddelu
34 Kachi 73
35 Kaikadi 33
36 Kandra 71
37 Kanjara-Bhatta 25
38 Karikalabhakthulu 47
Kaikolan or Kaikola
(Sengundam or Sengunther)
39 Karnabhakthulu 48
40 Kasi kapadi 100
41 Katipapala 11
42 Kepmare or Reddika 27
43 Kinthala Kalinga, Buragana (Kalinga, Buragam 26
Kalinga, Pandiri Kalinga
44 Koppulavelama 76
45 Korcha, Koracha 12
46 Koshti 72
47 Krishnabalija 75
(Dasari, Bukka, Bukka Ayavar)
48 Kummara or Kulala or Salivahana 46
49 Kunapuli 38
50 Kurakula 99
51 Kuruba or Kuruma 49
52 Lodh, Lodha, Lodhi 98
53 Mali (where they are not Scheduled Tribe) 78
54 Mandula 36
55 Mathura 77
56 Medari or Mahendra 13
57 Mehtar(Muslim) 37
58 Mondepatta, Mondipatta 28
59 Mondivaru 14
Mondibanda
Banda
60 Mudiraj 79
Mutrasi
Tenugollu
61 Munnurukapu (Telengana) 80
62 Nagaralu 96
63 Nagavaddilu 50
64 Nagavasam 81
(Nagavamsa)
65 Nakkala 16
66 Nayi-Brahmin(Mangali, Mangla, Bhajanthri) 15
67 Neelakanthi 51
68 Neeli (Nelli) 82
69 Nessi or Kurni 54
70 Nokkar 29
71 Padmasali 55
(Sali, Saliyan, Pattusali, Senapathulu,
Thogata Sali)
72 Pala-Ekari 94
73 Pambala 20
74 Pamula 18
75 Pardhi (Mirshikari, Nirshikari) 19
76 Pariki Muggula 30
77 Passi 85
78 Patkar (Khatri) 52
79 Patra 105
80 Peddammavandlu 21
81 Polinativelama(of Srikakulam & 83
Visakhapatanam Districts)
82 Perika (Perike Balija, Puragiri Kshatriya) 53
83 Vamsha Raj 17
84 Pondara 97
85 Poosala 84
86 Rajaka 5
87 Rangarez or Bhavasara Kshatriya 86
88 Sadhuchetty 87
89 Satani(Chattadasrivaishnava, Chatadi) 88
90
Scheduled Castes converts to Christianity and
their progeny 60
91 Sarollu 103
92 Siddula 107
93 Sikligar 106
94 Srisayana(Segidi) 56
95 Surya Balija (Kalavanthula), Ganika 74
96 Swakulasali 57
97 Tammali 89
98 Thogata, Thogati or Thogata Veerakshatriya 58
99 Turupu Kapu and Gajula Kapu (of Srikakulam, 90
Vizianagram & Visakhapatnam Districts, who are
subject to social customs of divorce &
remarriages
among their women)
100 Uppara or Sagara 91
101 Valmiki 23
Boya (Boya Bedar, Kirataka Nishadi,
Yellappi, Yellapu/Yellapondlu
Pedda Boya)
Talayari
Chunduvallu
102 Vanjara (Vanjari) 92
103 Vannia 102
Vanniar
Vannikula-Kshatriya
104 Veeramushti (Netttikotala) 22
105 Viswabrahmin or Viswakarma 59
(Ausula or Kamsali, Kammari, Kanchari,
Vadla or Vadra or Vadrangi and Silpi)
106 Yadava (Golla) 93
107 Yata 31
Sl.No. Name of the Castes/Sub-castes/Synonyms/ Entry No. in the
Communities Central List
ANDHRA PRADESH
1 Achukatlavandlu 39
2 Agaru 61
3 Agnikulakshatriya 1
Palli "
Vadabalija "
Bestha "
Jalari "
Gangavar "
Gangaputra "
Goondla "
Vanyakulakshtriya "
Vannekapu "
Vannereddi "
Pallikapu "
Pallireddi "
Nayyala "
Pattapu "
4 Arekatika, Katika, Quresh (Muslim Butchers) 62
5 Aryakshatriya 40
Chittari "
Giniyar "
Chitrakara "
Nakhas "
6 Atagara 63
7
Atirasa (of Polavaram, Gopalapuram,
Koyyalagudem, 104
Buttayagudem, Chagallu Mandals of West
Godavari Distt.
and Devipattanam, Korukonda and Gokavaram
Mandals
of East Godavari Distt.
8 Ayyaraka 95
9 Bandara 3
10 Balasanthu 2
Bahurupi
11 Bhataraju 64
12 Budabukkala 4
13 Chippolu(Mera) 65
14 Chopemari 32
15 Dasari (formerly engaged in Bhikshatana) 6
16 Devanga 41
17 Dommara 7
18 Dudekula 43
Laddaf 43
Pinjari or Noorbash 43
19 Ediga 42
Gowda(Gamalla, Kalalee)
Goundla
Settibalija (of Visakhapatnam,
East Godavari, West Godavari
and Krishna District)
20 Gajula Balija(who are traditionally associated 101
with selling of Bangles)
21 Gandla,Telikula,Devathilakula 44
22 Gangiredlavaru 8
23 Gavara 66
24 Godaba 67
25 Gudala 24
26 Hatkar 68
27 Jakkala 69
28 Jandra 45
29 Jangam whose traditional occupation is begging 9
30 Jingar 70
31 Jogi 10
32 Joshinandiwala 34
33 Odde 35
Oddilu
Vaddi
Vaddelu
34 Kachi 73
35 Kaikadi 33
36 Kandra 71
37 Kanjara-Bhatta 25
38 Karikalabhakthulu 47
Kaikolan or Kaikola
(Sengundam or Sengunther)
39 Karnabhakthulu 48
40 Kasi kapadi 100
41 Katipapala 11
42 Kepmare or Reddika 27
43 Kinthala Kalinga, Buragana (Kalinga, Buragam 26
Kalinga, Pandiri Kalinga
44 Koppulavelama 76
45 Korcha, Koracha 12
46 Koshti 72
47 Krishnabalija 75
(Dasari, Bukka, Bukka Ayavar)
48 Kummara or Kulala or Salivahana 46
49 Kunapuli 38
50 Kurakula 99
51 Kuruba or Kuruma 49
52 Lodh, Lodha, Lodhi 98
53 Mali (where they are not Scheduled Tribe) 78
54 Mandula 36
55 Mathura 77
56 Medari or Mahendra 13
57 Mehtar(Muslim) 37
58 Mondepatta, Mondipatta 28
59 Mondivaru 14
Mondibanda
Banda
60 Mudiraj 79
Mutrasi
Tenugollu
61 Munnurukapu (Telengana) 80
62 Nagaralu 96
63 Nagavaddilu 50
64 Nagavasam 81
(Nagavamsa)
65 Nakkala 16
66 Nayi-Brahmin(Mangali, Mangla, Bhajanthri) 15
67 Neelakanthi 51
68 Neeli (Nelli) 82
69 Nessi or Kurni 54
70 Nokkar 29
71 Padmasali 55
(Sali, Saliyan, Pattusali, Senapathulu,
Thogata Sali)
72 Pala-Ekari 94
73 Pambala 20
74 Pamula 18
75 Pardhi (Mirshikari, Nirshikari) 19
76 Pariki Muggula 30
77 Passi 85
78 Patkar (Khatri) 52
79 Patra 105
80 Peddammavandlu 21
81 Polinativelama(of Srikakulam & 83
Visakhapatanam Districts)
82 Perika (Perike Balija, Puragiri Kshatriya) 53
83 Vamsha Raj 17
84 Pondara 97
85 Poosala 84
86 Rajaka 5
87 Rangarez or Bhavasara Kshatriya 86
88 Sadhuchetty 87
89 Satani(Chattadasrivaishnava, Chatadi) 88
90
Scheduled Castes converts to Christianity and
their progeny 60
91 Sarollu 103
92 Siddula 107
93 Sikligar 106
94 Srisayana(Segidi) 56
95 Surya Balija (Kalavanthula), Ganika 74
96 Swakulasali 57
97 Tammali 89
98 Thogata, Thogati or Thogata Veerakshatriya 58
99 Turupu Kapu and Gajula Kapu (of Srikakulam, 90
Vizianagram & Visakhapatnam Districts, who are
subject to social customs of divorce &
remarriages
among their women)
100 Uppara or Sagara 91
101 Valmiki 23
Boya (Boya Bedar, Kirataka Nishadi,
Yellappi, Yellapu/Yellapondlu
Pedda Boya)
Talayari
Chunduvallu
102 Vanjara (Vanjari) 92
103 Vannia 102
Vanniar
Vannikula-Kshatriya
104 Veeramushti (Netttikotala) 22
105 Viswabrahmin or Viswakarma 59
(Ausula or Kamsali, Kammari, Kanchari,
Vadla or Vadra or Vadrangi and Silpi)
106 Yadava (Golla) 93
107 Yata 31
five castes under bclist
HYDERABAD: The State Government today issued orders including five castes under Group-A, four castes under Group-D and shifted two castes from Group-D to Group-A among backward classes.The inclusion and shifting of these 11 castes has been a long pending demand of people belonging to these castes who are considered as socially and educationally backward communities.In view of the long-pending demands, the State Government has included five castes in Group-A of backward classes, namely Bukka Ayyavara, Gotrala, Kasikapadi or Kasikapudi, Siddula and Sikligar or Saikalgar castes.Similarly, Atirasa, Sondi or Sundi, Varala and Sistakaranam castes have been included into the Backward Classes under Group-D. Another two castes, Poosala and Mudiraj or Mutrasi or Tenugollu castes have been shifted from Group-D to Group-A of backward classes.According to the officials of BC Welfare Ministry, decision on the issue was pending for long. However, the orders were issued following repeated pleas from the communities for inclusion or shifting of these castes which was implemented under Article 15(4) and Article 16(4) of the Constitution.
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